Horn of Africa


2. Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State

Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, D770045–0693. Confidential; Priority. Sent for information to Asmara, Cairo, Jidda, Khartoum, Mogadiscio, Moscow, Nairobi, and Sana.


3. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia

Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, D770062–1143. Confidential; Priority; Exdis. Drafted by Post and Scott (AF/E); cleared by Helman (IO/UNP), Glassman (EUR/SOV), Young (USUN), and in S/S; approved by Schaufele. Sent for information to Lagos, Addis Ababa, Dar es Salaam, London, Moscow, Nairobi, Pretoria, Paris, and USUN.


4. Presidential Review Memorandum/NSC 21

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 2, PRM/NSC 1–24 [1]. Secret.


5. Memorandum From Secretary of Defense Brown to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, Horn/Special, Box 1, Chron File: 3/77. Secret.


6. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to Secretary of Defense Brown

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, Horn/Special, Box 1, Chron File: 3/77. Secret. A copy was sent to Vance.


7. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to Vice President Mondale

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, Horn/Special, Box 1, Chron File: 3/77. Secret. Sent for information.


8. Intelligence Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency

Source: Central Intelligence Agency, History Staff Files. Secret; Noforn; Nocontract; Orcon.


9. Intelligence Appraisal Prepared in the Defense Intelligence Agency

Source: Washington National Records Center, OSD Files, FRC 330–80–0017, Box 66, E–F–1977. Secret. Drafted by W. Barrows.


10. Paper Prepared by the Policy Review Committee

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 40, PRM–21. Secret. Drafted by Richard Post; cleared in NEA, EUR, PM, D/HA, EA, H, ARA, INR, AID, USIA, IO, DOD/ISA, CIA, and NSC. This paper was prepared in response to PRM/NSC–21; see Document 4.


11. Summary of Conclusions of a Policy Review Committee Meeting

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 184, PRC 770010–4/11/77–Horn of Africa. Secret; Sensitive. The meeting took place in the White House Situation Room. No minutes of the meeting have been found.


12. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to Secretary of State Vance and Secretary of Defense Brown

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 17, State 4/77. Secret.


13. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 4/77. Secret.


14. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 4/77. Secret. Carter initialed the memorandum and wrote, “Cy.”


15. Report Prepared by the Interagency Ethiopia Working Group

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 21, Ethiopia: Withdrawal of US Government Personnel 4/77. Secret. Drafted on April 25; approved by Steven E. Steiner.


16. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 4/77. Secret. Carter initialed the memorandum and wrote, “Cy.”


17. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia

Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, D770155–0602. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Post (AF/E); cleared in S/S–O and S; approved by Seelye. Sent for information to Addis Ababa, Cairo, Jidda, Khartoum, Moscow, Nairobi, and Sana.


18. Memorandum From Vice President Mondale to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 69, Somalia: 1/77–6/78. Secret. Sent for information. Copies were sent to Vance and Brzezinski.


19. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 69, Somalia: 1/77–6/78. Secret.


20. Memorandum for the Record

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, Horn/Special, Box 1, Chron File: 6–7/77. Confidential. The meeting was held in the White House Oval Office. Paul Henze noted in the upper right corner, “Cy [copy] to Gerald Scott 6–17” and “to H Richardson 6/17 w/note to ck [check] with Christine [Dodson] re procedure.”


21. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 7/77. Secret. Carter initialed the memorandum and wrote, “Cy.”


22. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 7/77. Secret. Carter initialed the memorandum and wrote “Cy—” in the upper right corner.


23. Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State

Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, D770264–0773. Secret; Immediate. Sent for information Priority to Cairo, Djibouti, Jidda, Khartoum, Libreville, London, Mogadiscio, Nairobi, Moscow, Paris, USCINCEUR, USUN, and Sana.


24. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia

[Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 184, PRC 033 Horn of Africa, 8/25/77. Secret; Codeword. 2 pages not declassified.]


25. Memorandum From Acting Secretary of State Christopher to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, Plains File, Subject File, Box 12, State Department Evening Reports, 8/77. Secret. In the upper right corner, Carter initialed and wrote, “Warren.”


26. Memorandum From Paul B. Henze of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 184, PRC 033 Horn of Africa, 8/25/77. Secret. Sent for information.


27. Summary of Conclusions of a Policy Review Committee Meeting

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 184, PRC 033 Horn of Africa, 8/25/77. Secret. The meeting took place in the White House Situation Room.


28. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to President Carter

Source: Carter Library, National Security Council, Institutional Files 1977–1981, Box 184, PRC 033 Horn of Africa, 8/25/77. Secret. Sent for information. Carter initialed the memorandum.


29. Memorandum From Paul B. Henze of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)

Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, Horn/Special, Box 1, Chron File: 8–9/77. Secret. Sent for information.


30. Memorandum from the Vice President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Clift) to Vice President Mondale

Source: Carter Library, Papers of Walter F. Mondale, Box 42, Foreign Countries—Africa, 7–12/77 [2]. Confidential. Sent for information.